
Intellectuals and the French Communist Party
Sudhir Hazareesingh
₹4,031

Celebrations of Sovereignty in Nineteenth-Century France
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In 1852, President Louis Napoleon of France declared that August 15--Napoleon Bonaparte's birthday--would be celebrated as France's national day. Leading up to the creation of the Second Empire, this was the first in a series of attempts to "Bonapartize" his regime and strengthen its popular legitimacy. Across France, public institutions sought to draw local citizens together to celebrate civic ideals of unity, order, and patriotism.
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